The Ruin (Ukrainian history)

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The Ruin
Date 29 June 1659 – 16 May 1686 Location Ukraine Territorial changes Eternal Peace Treaty Partition of Ukraine between Poland–Lithuania, Russia and the Ottomans Left-Bank Ukraine with Kyiv and the territories of the Zaporizhia came under Russian control Right-Bank Ukraine first came under Polish control and later partially under Ottoman control.
Belligerents
Right-bank Ukraine Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Ottoman Ukraine (from 1669) Ottoman Empire (from 1669)	Left-bank Ukraine  Tsardom of Russia
Commanders and leaders
Right-Bank Hetmans: Pavlo Teteria Mykhailo Khanenko Yurii Khmelnytsky	Ottoman Hetmans: Petro Doroshenko Yurii Khmelnytsky George Ducas	Left-Bank Hetmans: Ivan Briukhovetsky Demian Mnohohrishny Ivan Samoylovych

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Early modern history Cossacks Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (Kiev Voivodeship) Zaporozhian Host (Sich) Khmelnytsky Uprising The Ruin Cossack Hetmanate Left bank Sloboda Ukraine Right bank Danube Russian Empire Little Russia New Russia Habsburg monarchy Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria Bukovina Carpathian Ruthenia
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The Ruin (Ukrainian: Руїна, romanized: Ruyina) is a historical term introduced by the Cossack chronicle writer Samiilo Velychko (1670–1728) for the political situation in Ukrainian history during the second half of the 17th century.

The timeframe of the period varies among historians:

• Some historians such as Mykola Kostomarov define the period between 1663 and 1687, associating it with the three Moscow-appointed hetmans of Left-bank Ukraine (Briukhovetsky, Mnohohrishny and Samoylovych).
• Other historians interpret the period between 1660 and 1687 from the Chudniv Treaty that led to division among the Cossack community.
• Borys Krupnytsky considered the timeframe as 1657–1687, from the death of hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky in 1657, particularly the Pushkar-Barabash Mutiny, until the ascension of hetman Ivan Mazepa in 1687.

The period was characterised by continuous strife, civil war, and foreign intervention by neighbours of Ukraine. A Ukrainian saying of the time, "Від Богдана до Івана не було гетьмана" (From Bohdan to Ivan there was no hetman [in between]), accurately summarises the chaotic events of this period.